The Story Unfolds

نویسندگان

  • Nilesh J. Samani
  • Heribert Schunkert
چکیده

The middle of 2007 saw what may, with time, turn out to be the single most important discovery in the genetics of cardiovascular diseases. Within a few weeks, 4 independent genomewide association studies reported the association of the same locus on chromosome 9p21 with coronary artery disease (CAD) and myocardial infarction (MI).1– 4 In fact, of the hundreds of thousands single-nucleotide polymorphisms studied across the genome the same locus showed the strongest association with CAD in all 4 studies, as illustrated by a direct comparison of the data from the Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium and the Cardiogenics Consortium.4 The finding has led to a plethora of further studies that have largely confirmed the association of the 9p21 locus with CAD and MI in both case– control and cohort studies and in multiple ethnic groups.5–12 9p21 represents the most replicated locus for CAD and MI to date. The risk allele as currently defined, until causal variants are identified, is common (allele frequency of almost 50%) and associated with a 20% to 30% increased risk per copy. The effect of the 9p21 locus on CAD and MI risk is unaltered by adjustment for traditional cardiovascular risk factors5,6 and indeed studies in healthy populations have found no explanatory effect of the 9p21 locus on CAD risk via blood pressure, cholesterol levels, body mass index, or smoking behavior.13

برای دانلود رایگان متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Memories, Dreams, Reflections

tifl Healers are often by reason of their vocation surrounded by an aura of mysl (Jung, the psychiatrist and the founder of analytical psychology, unfolds his life in fr? ^ us with deeply moving humility. His life, as he saw it, was "a story of the self-realis 108

متن کامل

My Leadership Story: Reflections of a Health Leaders Institute Alumnus.

Leadership is an exhilarating journey that begins with the simple truth of getting to know ourselves in the deepest way. We all have a story that unfolds over time. Our stories are influenced by our values, by who we meet, what we learn and opportunities that provide us with experiences to stretch, grow and develop. I am thrilled to share my experience as an alumnus of the Dorothy Wylie Health ...

متن کامل

Jail, Hero or Drug Lord? Turning a Cyber Security Course Into an 11 Week Choose Your Own Adventure Story

In this paper we argue that narrative and story are important elements of gamification, and we describe a framework that we have developed which adds a story to an 11 week cyber security course. The students play the part of a new IT security employee at a company and are asked to complete a number of security tasks, for which they receive flags. The students can send the flags they find to a n...

متن کامل

Narrative Causal Impetus: Governance through Situational Shift in Game of Thrones

As a story unfolds, it constructs a depiction of events, and at the same time, it also builds conceptual structure at a higher, interpretive level. This higher-level structure provides the terms for understanding the unfolding story, indicating what kinds of features and consequences characterize it – a story ontology. The process by which a tale constructs a story ontology is not straightforwa...

متن کامل

It's a Story, Not a Study: Writing an Effective Research Paper.

References: 1. Bordage G. Reasons reviewers reject and accept manuscripts. Acad Med. 2001;76:889–896. 2. Lingard L, Driessen E. How to tell compelling scientific stories. In: Cleland J, Durning SJ, eds. Researching Medical Education. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell; 2015. 3. @WriteforResearch, Twitter. 4. Lingard L. Joining a conversation: The problem/gap/hook heuristic. Perspect Med Educ. 2015;4:...

متن کامل

Experiences authoring interactive pedagogical dramas

The focus of this article is the design of Interactive Pedagogical Dramas (IPD). An IPD is a computer-generated environment that immerses the learner as an active participant in an engaging, evocative story, populated with animated characters. The story unfolds based on the learner’s decisions. The various design issues that are faced in crafting IPDs will be covered. In particular, how pedagog...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

عنوان ژورنال:

دوره   شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2008